What is the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic symmetric polyarticular joint disease that primarily affects the small joints of the hands and feet. The inflammatory process is characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells into the joints, leading to proliferation of synoviocytes and destruction of cartilage and bone.
What is the background of rheumatoid arthritis?
Despite the large amount of ancient evidence indicative of RA, the first formal evidence of RA appears in 1591, French physician Guillaume de Baillou applied the age-old term “rheumatism” to a condition characterized by swelling, stiffness, and pain.
Which structure is involved in rheumatoid arthritis?
Ultimately, inflammation and exuberant proliferation of the synovium (ie, pannus) leads to destruction of various tissues, including cartilage (see the image below), bone, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. Although the articular structures are the primary sites involved by RA, other tissues are also affected.
What is rheumatoid arthritis Google Scholar?
Abstract. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease primarily characterized by synovitis which is accompanied by extra-articular organ involvement, such as interstitial pneumonia, in addition to clinical symptoms including pain, swelling, stiffness of multiple joints, fever, and malaise.
What is rheumatoid arthritis mechanism?
While the cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not clear, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The underlying mechanism involves the body’s immune system attacking the joints. This results in inflammation and thickening of the joint capsule.
What are the main features of rheumatoid arthritis RA )?
Signs and symptoms of RA include:
- Pain or aching in more than one joint.
- Stiffness in more than one joint.
- Tenderness and swelling in more than one joint.
- The same symptoms on both sides of the body (such as in both hands or both knees)
- Weight loss.
- Fever.
- Fatigue or tiredness.
- Weakness.
What is rheumatoid arthritis Characterised by?
The synovial tissue becomes inflamed Initially, rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by the inflammation of the synovial tissue. This tissue is found throughout the body, and encapsulates joints and tendons. When synovial tissue is inflamed it can cause pain, stiffness, and swelling in a joint.
What causes rheumatoid arthritis scholar?
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is caused by the defected peptides, environmental factor’s and hormonal dysregulation in synovial inflammation. The immune system attacks joint tissue for pathogenic citrullinated peptides causing inflammation in synovium, leading to RA.
What are the four stages of pathogenesis?
To cause disease, a pathogen must successfully achieve four steps or stages of pathogenesis: exposure (contact), adhesion (colonization), invasion, and infection.
The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. and Georg Schett, M.D. The increased understanding of the immune mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis has led to the development of a considerable number of new therapeutic agents that alter the natural history of the disease and reduce mortality.
What kind of cells are involved in rheumatoid arthritis?
[Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis] Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune systemic disease that primarily affects joints. Etiology and the pathogenesis of RA are complex, involving many types of cells, among others macrophages, T and B cells, fibro- blasts, chondrocytes and dendritic cells.
What are the autoantibodies of rheumatoid arthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies known as rheumatoid factors (RF) and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA, which includes the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody or anti-CCP). Rheumatoid factors have been long recognized as a feature of many patients with RA.
Where are fibroblasts and macrophages located in RA?
In RA, this lining is greatly hypertrophied (8-10 cells thick). Primary cell populations in this layer are fibroblasts and macrophages. 2. Subintimal area of synovium: This is where the synovial blood vessels are located; this area normally has very few cells.
