What is Killip 4?

Killip class IV describes individuals in cardiogenic shock or hypotension (measured as systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg), and evidence of low cardiac output (oliguria, cyanosis, or impaired mental status).

What is significance of Killip classification?

Background: Killip classification is an independent predictor of early mortality after myocardial infarction, and the presence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction <50%) and high Killip class predicts poor short-term prognosis.

What is the Forrester classification?

Classification of heart failure directed by the levels of cardiac index and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP).

What are the types of myocardial infarction?

A heart attack is also known as a myocardial infarction. The three types of heart attacks are: ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)

Which side of the heart is first affected in heart failure?

Generally, heart failure begins with the left side, specifically the left ventricle — your heart’s main pumping chamber. Fluid may back up in the lungs, causing shortness of breath. Fluid may back up into the abdomen, legs and feet, causing swelling.

What is Forrester classification heart failure?

The stages are classified as the Forrester Hemodynamic subsets (TABLE 1). Cardiac index (CI) indicates the degree of perfusion; patients are characterized as either “warm” or “cold” depending on the presence of hypoperfusion. A CI of <2.2 L/min/m2 warrants a classification of “cold,” indicating hypoperfusion.

Do you give fluids in cardiogenic shock?

Medications. Fluids and plasma are given through an IV. Medications to treat cardiogenic shock are given to increase your heart’s pumping ability and reduce the risk of blood clots.

Is cardiogenic shock the same as heart failure?

Cardiogenic shock isn’t necessarily a discrete entity, but rather may be conceptualized as the most severe form of heart failure. Patients with severe heart failure may go in and out of cardiogenic shock, depending on their management.

What is a Type 2 mi?

Type 2 myocardial infarction (MI) is defined by a rise and fall of cardiac biomarkers and evidence of ischemia without unstable coronary artery disease (CAD), due to a mismatch in myocardial oxygen supply and demand. Myocardial injury is similar but does not meet clinical criteria for MI.

What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 myocardial infarction?

Type 1 MI is a primary coronary arterial event attributable to atherothrombotic plaque rupture or erosion. Type 2 MI occurs secondary to an acute imbalance in myocardial oxygen supply and demand without atherothrombosis.