What is D1 and D2 patterns?

D1 & D2 patterns are part of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) concepts. In short, the goal of using PNF patterns is to improve the neuromuscular system’s ability to coordinate movement. PNF shoulder patterns are combined movement patterns in all three planes of motion.

Why are PNF patterns important?

PNF techniques help develop muscular strength and endurance, joint stability, mobility, neuromuscular control and coordination-all of which are aimed at improving the overall functional ability of patients.

Where is PNF used?

PNF is utilised by physiotherapists to restore functional range of motion (ROM) and increase strength in patients who have sustained soft tissue damage or received invasive surgeries. It is excellent for targeting specific muscle groups, and as well as increasing flexibility.

What are the two types of PNF stretching?

Types of PNF Stretches Contract-Relax-Agonist-Contract Method.

What are three types of PNF?

The three main PNF techniques are hold-relax, contract-relax, and hold-relax with agonist contraction. If you’re unfamiliar with how these partner stretching techniques work, it’s best to consult a physical therapist or personal trainer.

Why do we use PNF patterns?

How to manage D1 and D2 PNF patterns?

Managing deficit of first- level control capacities using rood and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques. In M.V. Radomski & C.A. Trombly Latham (Eds.), Occupational therapy for physical dysfunction (7th ed.) (pp.).

What is the PNF upper extremity extension pattern?

PNF Upper Extremity D1 Flexion/Extension Pattern 1 Shoulder extended, abducted, and internally rotated. 2 Forearm pronated. 3 Wrist ulnarly deviated. 4 Fingers extended.

Which is the reverse of the D1 flexion pattern?

The D1 Extension pattern reverses the D1 flexion pattern. D2 flexion includes shoulder flexion, abduction and external rotation, forearm supination, wrist and finger extension. Again, the D2 extension pattern reverses the D2 flexion pattern.

How are PNF patterns used to improve range of motion?

PNF Patterns. The upper and lower extremities each have two patterns: D1 and D2 motions targeting flexion and extension. The patterns are used to improve range of motion at the joint as well as introduce resistance training. This will help improve the patients strength.