How do fungi break down hydrocarbons?
Hydrocarbons, as the most organic pollutants, are degraded by fungi mainly under aerobic conditions; in fact, fungi act through enzymes which oxidize hydrocarbons to form water and non-toxic or less toxic residues.
Which fungi is found to degraded petroleum at high temperature in contaminated soil?
Fungal taxa including Amorphoteca, Neosartorya, Talaromyces, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Sporobolomyces, Cephalosporium, Penicillium, and Graphium have all been reported to include potential degraders of petroleum hydrocarbons (Chulalaksananukul et al. 2006; Das and Chandran 2011; Varjani 2017).
How is petroleum degraded?
Most petroleum hydrocarbons encountered in the environment are ultimately degraded or metabolized by indigenous bacteria because of their energetic and carbon needs for growth and reproduction, as well as the requirement to relieve physiological stress caused by the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons in the microbial …
What bacteria is used in bioremediation of oil spills?
Many genera of plant, microbes, and fungi have demonstrated oil remediating properties including Spartina, Haloscarcia, Rhizophora, Nocardioides, Dietzia, and Microbacterium.
Which bacteria can decompose the oceanic oil spills?
A species called Pseudomonas putida is widely used in oil spill decontamination or bioremediation. It is known to break down many aromatic compounds like hydrocarbons.
Does fungi cause decay?
1.1 Fungi. Wood deterioration and decay can be caused by three categories of fungi: sapstain, mold, and decay fungi (Shupe et al., 2008; Eaton and Hale, 1984; Milton, 1986; Bravery et al., 1993). There are three types of wood rots caused by decay fungi usually described: soft rot, white rot, and brown rot.
What is soft rot fungi?
The term “soft rot” is used to designate any instance of the characteristic penetration and growth of hyphae within the secondary cell walls of wood whether or not softening of the surface is evident. It is caused by a number of micro-fungi—that is, members of the Ascomycetes and some Fungi Imperfecti.
Which bacteria is used for bioremediation?
Deinococcus radiodurans is a radiation-resistant extremophile bacterium that is genetically engineered for the bioremediation of solvents and heavy metals.
Which bacteria are generally used to degrade derivates of oils?
Recent studies have identified bacteria from more than 79 genera that are capable of degrading petroleum hydrocarbons (Tremblay et al., 2017); several of these bacteria such as Achromobacter, Acinetobacter, Alkanindiges, Alteromonas, Arthrobacter, Burkholderia, Dietzia, Enterobacter, Kocuria, Marinobacter.
