What are the differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis?
The main differential diagnoses for MS include, but are not limited to, the following: Spinal cord neoplasms (eg, astrocytomas, ependymomas) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) Schilder disease.
What is a Dacryocele?
Dacryocele is also known as a dacryocystocele, amniotocele, amniocele, or mucocele. It is formed when a distal blockage (usually membranous) of the lacrimal sac causes distention of the sac, which also kinks and closes off the entrance to the common canaliculus.
Is multiple sclerosis idiopathic?
Multiple sclerosis, an idiopathic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, is characterized pathologically by demyelination and subsequent axonal degeneration. The disease commonly presents in young adults and affects twice as many women as men.
What is congenital dacryocystocele?
Introduction. Congenital dacryocystocele is an uncommon consequence of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: it is believed to occur as a result of a concomitant upper obstruction of the Rosenmuller valve and lower obstruction of the Hasner valve 1–3.
What is NLDO?
Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) or dacryostenosis is the most common disorder of the lacrimal system.[1] Approximately 6% to 20% of newborns patients present with some symptoms.[2] Typically, NLDO presents more often in the first weeks or months of life with symptoms beginning when normal tear production occurs.
What causes Dacryocystocele?
Dacryocystocele is caused by blockage on the nasolacrimal duct, as a result when mucoid fluid collects in the intermediate patent section it forms a cystic structure. The cyst is formed by the eye and nose region. A blockage of epiphora can become an area for infections to take over.
What is the most definitive test for MS?
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the test of choice for diagnosing MS in combination with initial blood tests. MRIs use radio waves and magnetic fields to evaluate the relative water content in tissues of the body. They can detect normal and abnormal tissues and can spot irregularities.
What is lacrimal sac?
The lacrimal sac is the upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct, and is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla. It is oval in form and measures from 12 to 15 mm. in length; its upper end is closed and rounded; its lower is continued into the nasolacrimal duct.
What tests are performed to diagnose MS?
How is a diagnosis of congenital dacryocystocele made?
Often, the diagnosis of congenital dacryocystocele can be made based on clinical findings alone. However, if the diagnosis is in question, a computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to confirm the diagnosis. Interestingly, the diagnosis can also be made prenatally with ultrasonography. [3]
How many dacryoceles are diagnosed in a year?
A concurrent intranasal mucocele was diagnosed in 23 (77%) of 30 dacryoceles. Respiratory distress arose in 5 (71%) of 7 patients with bilateral intranasal mucoceles and in 2 (22%) of 9 patients with a unilateral intranasal mucocele. Thirty-four procedures were performed.
How is dacryocele different from other solid tumors?
The differential diagnosis includes hemangioma, dermoid cyst, encephalocele, rhabdomyosarcoma, and other solid tumors of the lacrimal system, including pylomatrixoma. Imaging including CT and MRI scans can help differentiate a dacryocele from the others that are listed below with some differentiating clinical characteristics:
When was dacryocystocele diagnosed after sinonasal cancer surgery?
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the clinical records and imaging findings of 8 patients who underwent surgery for sinonasal cancer and were diagnosed with a postoperative dacryocystocele between August 2001 and November 2005.
