Which is a polysaccharide vaccine?

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) PPSV23 protects against 23 types of bacteria that cause pneumococcal disease. PPSV23 is recommended for: All adults 65 years or older. Anyone 2 years or older with certain medical conditions that can lead to an increased risk for pneumococcal disease.

What is the difference between pneumococcal conjugate and polysaccharide vaccine?

The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) should be given intramuscularly, whereas the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) can be given either intramuscularly or subcutaneously. Intradermal administration of either vaccine can cause severe local reactions and should be avoided.

Is PCV a polysaccharide vaccine?

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13 or Prevnar13®) includes purified capsular polysaccharide of 13 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae (1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 19A, 19F, 18C, and 23F) conjugated to a nontoxic variant of diphtheria toxin known as CRM197.

What is the limitation of polysaccharide vaccine?

THE ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES OF POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINES The main disadvantage is the lack of a protective immune response in young children, where the need is very great. The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended for the elderly, but here also, the efficacy is variable.

How is a polysaccharide vaccine made?

Conjugate subunit vaccines (e.g., Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines) are produced by chemically attaching a polysaccharide from the surface of bacteria to a protein molecule through a process called conjugation.

How is polysaccharide vaccine administered?

The dose for adults is typically given intramuscularly in the deltoid, and the dose for children is given IM either in the deltoid or the anterolateral thigh. The vaccine should not be injected into the gluteal area or areas where there may be a nerve trunk. A reimmunizing dose is 0.5 mL.

Who needs pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine?

CDC recommends routine pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination for: All adults 65 years or older. People 2 through 64 years old with certain medical conditions. Adults 19 through 64 years old who smoke cigarettes.

Why PCV is called conjugate vaccine?

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is a pneumococcal vaccine and a conjugate vaccine used to protect infants, young children, and adults against disease caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)….Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

What is Fullform of PCV?

The packed cell volume (PCV) is a measurement of the proportion of blood that is made up of cells. The value is expressed as a percentage or fraction of cells in blood. For example, a PCV of 40% means that there are 40 millilitres of cells in 100 millilitres of blood.

What is polysaccharide vaccine made of?

Polysaccharide vaccines are either monovalent or multivalent, containing one to four of the serogroup A, C, Y, and W-135 capsular polysaccharides (Table 53.1).

How do polysaccharide vaccines work?

Polysaccharide vaccines stimulate B-cell responses, thereby resulting in type-specific antibody production that enhances ingestion and killing of the pathogens by phagocytes. The antigens, however, are T-cell independent and therefore do not result in long-lasting immunity.

What is a polysaccharide antigen?

Carbohydrates in the form of capsular polysaccharides and/or lipopolysaccharides are the major components on the surface of bacteria. These molecules are important virulence factors in many bacteria isolated from infected persons. Immunity against these components confers protection against the disease.