How does Apocynin inhibit NADPH oxidase?
The effect of apocynin was inhibited by diphenylene iodinium (DPI), a non-scavenging NADPH oxidase inhibitor. It can be summarized that apocynin stimulates cell superoxide production. It acts as an inhibitor of phagocyte NADPH oxidase but also as a ROS production stimulator in non-phagocyte cells.
Is Apocynin an antioxidant?
These observations indicate that apocynin predominantly acts as an antioxidant in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells and should not be used as an NADPH oxidase inhibitor in vascular systems.
Is glucose-6-phosphate an inhibitor?
The inhibition of PPP key enzymes, including glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), strongly affects cancer cell proliferation in vitro, as well as in vivo6, 7.
Does NADPH inhibit PPP?
It is allosterically stimulated by NADP+ and strongly inhibited by NADPH. SIRT2-mediated deacetylation and activation of G6PD stimulates oxidative branch of PPP to supply cytosolic NADPH to counteract oxidative damage or support de novo lipogenesis.
Does NADPH inhibit glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase?
NADPH has been found to inhibit the enzyme noncompetitively with respect to NADP+, and uncompetitively with respect to glucose 6-phosphate. 1.49) in steroid-metabolizing tissues (the activity of hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is not, or less, affected by steroids of NADPH).
How does NADPH affect glutathione?
The major role of NADPH in red cells is to reduce the disulfide form of glutathione to the sulfhydryl form. The reduced form of glutathione serves as a sulfhydryl buffer that maintains the cysteine residues of hemoglobin and other red-blood-cell proteins in the reduced state.
What metabolic pathway produces NADPH?
pentose phosphate pathway
The pentose phosphate pathway, also called the phosphogluconate pathway and the hexose monophosphate shunt, is a metabolic pathway parallel to glycolysis that generates NADPH and five-carbon sugars as well as ribose 5-phosphate, a precursor for the synthesis of nucleotides from glucose.
