What happens if Cranial nerve XI is damaged?

Injury to the accessory nerve can result in neck pain and weakness of the trapezius muscle. Symptoms will depend on at what point along its length the nerve was severed. Injury to the nerve can result in shoulder girdle depression, atrophy, abnormal movement, a protruding scapula, and weakened abduction.

What happens if a cranial nerve is damaged?

Cranial nerve issues can affect a motor nerve, called cranial nerve palsy, or affect a sensory nerve, causing pain or diminished sensation. Individuals with a cranial nerve disorder may suffer from symptoms that include intense pain, vertigo, hearing loss, weakness or paralysis.

What does cranial XI control?

The accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI) controls the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles of the shoulder and neck. It begins in the central nervous system (CNS) and exits the cranium through a foramen. Unlike the other 11 cranial nerves, the accessory nerve begins outside the skull.

What is the 11 cranial nerve?

Cranial Nerves

What is the function of CN XII?

The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) is exclusively a motor nerve carrying general somatic efferent fibers (GSE). It innervates all intrinsic and almost all extrinsic muscles of the tongue, as well as one suprahyoid muscle, the geniohyoid muscle.

How do you test for cranial nerve damage?

CT or MRI scans, which are imaging tests that allow healthcare providers to see the brain. Nerve conduction velocity tests to help find out how and where the nerve is damaged. Biopsies of the skin and nerves to find out how severely nerves are damaged.

How long does it take for a cranial nerve to heal?

Regeneration time depends on how seriously your nerve was injured and the type of injury that you sustained. If your nerve is bruised or traumatized but is not cut, it should recover over 6-12 weeks. A nerve that is cut will grow at 1mm per day, after about a 4 week period of ‘rest’ following your injury.

How do you assess cranial nerve XI?

11th Cranial nerve The 11th (spinal accessory) cranial nerve is evaluated by testing the muscles it supplies: For the sternocleidomastoid, the patient is asked to turn the head against resistance supplied by the examiner’s hand while the examiner palpates the active muscle (opposite the turned head).

Where does the accessory XI nerve originate?

The primary function of the accessory nerves (XI) is motor, to the muscles of the neck and upper back. These nerves originate in the motor nuclei of the spinal cord and medulla. They pass through the jugular foramina, between the occipital and temporal bones.

What is the motor function of accessory nerve XI?

The accessory nerve provides motor function (movement) to two muscles essential to neck and shoulder movement, the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and the trapezius, as well as to the larynx (voice box) and other structures in the throat. It’s the 11th of the 12 cranial nerves and is often referred to as CN XI.

Are the cranial nerves connected to the spine?

Nerves are connected to the brain and spinal cord. The brain is situated in the bony box-like structure called Cranium and the nerves arising from here are called Cranial Nerves and the nerves connecting the spinal cord are called as Spinal Nerves.

What contains the cranial nerve and spinal nerve?

The Cranial Nerves and Spinal Nerves are the parts of the peripheral nervous system. It consists of the nerves arising from brain and spinal cord.

What is CN XI?

The Accessory Nerve (CN XI) The accessory nerve is the eleventh paired cranial nerve. It has a purely somatic motor function, innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.

Does cranial reflex involve spinal cord?

Location – cranial reflexes have the central nervous system part of their circuit in the brain, while spinal reflexes have it in the spinal cord . Also the cranial reflexes have the peripheral nervous system part of their circuit in cranial nerves, while spinal reflexes have it in spinal nerves.