What did Anderson and Pichert find in their study of schema?

-This experiment showed that schema processing has an effect on encoding as well as retrieval of information, because the new schema could only have influenced recall at the retrieval stage.

What was the significance of Loftus smashed versus contacted study quizlet?

Smashed, hit, collided, bumped, contacted. Leading questions do effect memory recall. In this case changing the verb in the question to smashed gave a higher estimation of speed by the participants.

What is Bartlett’s theory of reconstructive memory?

Reconstructive Memory (Bartlett) Reconstructive memory suggests that in the absence of all information, we fill in the gaps to make more sense of what happened. According to Bartlett, we do this using schemas. These are our previous knowledge and experience of a situation and we use this process to complete the memory.

Why is Loftus and Palmer important?

Aim: To test their hypothesis that the language used in eyewitness testimony can alter memory. Thus, they aimed to show that leading questions could distort eyewitness testimony accounts and so have a confabulating effect, as the account would become distorted by cues provided in the question.

Who were Loftus and Palmer?

Elizabeth Loftus is an American cognitive psychologist and expert on human memory. She has conducted research on the malleability of human memory. John Palmer graduated from Duke University with a B.A. in psychology and received his Ph. It showed that original memory can be modified and supplemented.

How did Bartlett’s participants change the story?

Bartlett compared how the recalled versions of the story differed from the original. Participants shortened the story when they reproduced it, from 330 words to 180 words, with the shortest reproduction happening after the longest gap (two years). The changes in the stories were also down to his own subjective opinion.

What did Bartlett do psychology?

In his major work, Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology (1932), Bartlett advanced the concept that memories of past events and experiences are actually mental reconstructions that are coloured by cultural attitudes and personal habits, rather than being direct recollections of observations made at …

What was the results of Bartlett’s study?

In Bartlett’s study, he found that both experiments fell under the influence of schema. In repeated reproduction, when people removed or changed the interesting parts of the tale, they were doing so to make it fit into an existing schema they were familiar with.