What are characteristics multiple sclerosis?
Numbness or weakness in one or more limbs that typically occurs on one side of your body at a time, or your legs and trunk. Electric-shock sensations that occur with certain neck movements, especially bending the neck forward (Lhermitte sign) Tremor, lack of coordination or unsteady gait.
What is the early clinical presentation of multiple sclerosis?
Initial Symptoms Patients may be complaining of double or blurred vision, numbness, weakness in one or two extremities, instability in walking, tremors and problems with bladder control, heat intolerance.
What are the clinical forms of multiple sclerosis?
Four disease courses have been identified in multiple sclerosis: clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS), and secondary progressive MS (SPMS).
What is clinically definite multiple sclerosis?
Clinical definite MS was defined as 2 attacks with clinical evidence of 2 separate lesions, with at least 1 of these lesions producing objective CNS dysfunction and with paraclinical evidence of demyelinating lesions by brain MRI examination (CDMS A1 or CDMS A2).
Which are the most commonly reported clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis?
More common symptoms
- MS Hug (Dysesthesia) Often a first symptom of MS or a relapse, an MS hug is a squeezing sensation around the torso that feels like a blood pressure cuff when it tightens.
- Fatigue.
- Walking (Gait) Difficulties.
- Numbness or Tingling.
- Spasticity.
- Weakness.
- Vision Problems.
- Vertigo and Dizziness.
Is multiple sclerosis a clinical diagnosis?
The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is a clinical diagnosis supported by investigation findings. There is no single sensitive and specific diagnostic test for multiple sclerosis. The principle of dissemination of lesions in time and space underpins the diagnosis.
What is the difference between RMS and PPMS?
People with RRMS tend to have more brain lesions with more inflammatory cells. Those with PPMS tend to have more spinal cord lesions and fewer inflammatory cells. RRMS affects women two to three times more often than men. PPMS affects men and women equally.
What does a diagnosis of MS mean?
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition that can affect the brain and spinal cord, causing a wide range of potential symptoms, including problems with vision, arm or leg movement, sensation or balance. It’s a lifelong condition that can sometimes cause serious disability, although it can occasionally be mild.
What are the clinical features of rabies in dogs?
The clinical features of rabies in other animals are highly variable and resemble a number of toxic and infectious illnesses of the central nervous system. In dogs, a common viral disease known as canine distemper often produces seizures and neurological disease resembling rabies.
What are the CNS side effects of rabies?
Other CNS complications include disturbances of thermoregulation, diabetes insipidus, autonomic dysfunction and convulsions. The differential diagnosis of rabies includes tetanus, poliomyelitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, viral encephalitis and poisonings and drugs.
What are the symptoms of a rabies prodrome?
The patient nay exhibit irritability and abnormal sensations around the wound. The prodrome is followed by one of two basic clinical patterns: the more common “furious” form characterized by hyperexcitability, spasms and hydrophobia; or “dumb” rabies featuring an ascending paralysis.
How is the differential diagnosis of rabies made?
The differential diagnosis of rabies includes tetanus, poliomyelitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, viral encephalitis and poisonings and drugs. The diagnosis of animal and human rabies can be made by 4 methods: (1) histopathology (2) virus cultivation (3) Serology (4) virus antigen detection.
