What are the prevention and control of marasmus?
The best way to prevent marasmus is to have an adequate intake of calories and protein, preferably from a healthful, well-balanced diet.
How is marasmus and kwashiorkor treated?
Treatment of marasmus
- Correct water and electrolyte balance. Use a nasogastric tube.
- Treat infections.
- Provide dietary support.
- Counsel parents and plan the future, including immunization and diet supplements.
- Add frequent small feeds.
- Use a liquid diet.
- Prevent hypothermia.
- Give vitamin A and folic acid.
What are some of the treatments for kwashiorkor?
Treating kwashiorkor If kwashiorkor is found early, it can be treated with either specially formulated milk-based feeds or ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF). RUTF is typically made up of peanut butter, milk powder, sugar, vegetable oil, and added vitamins and minerals.
How can we prevent protein energy malnutrition?
Worldwide, the most important PEU preventive strategy is to reduce poverty and improve nutritional education and public health measures. Mild or moderate PEU, including brief starvation, can be treated by providing a balanced diet, preferably orally.
What is kwashiorkor and marasmus disease?
Marasmus: Severe weight loss and muscle wasting due to lack of nutrition and calories. Kwashiorkor: Swelling or edema due to water retention from lack of protein. Marasmic-kwashiorkor: A combination of muscle wasting and bilateral edema.
What are the risk factors of marasmus?
Risk factors for marasmus include:
- Chronic hunger.
- Contaminated water supplies.
- Inadequate food supplies.
- Other vitamin deficiencies (vitamin A, E or K)
- Poor, unbalanced diet lacking in grains, fruits and vegetables, and protein.
What is MAM and SAM?
Globally, approximately 33 million children under five years of age are affected by moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), defined as a weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) between -2 and -3, and at least 19 million children under five by severe acute malnutrition (SAM), defined as a WHZ of <-3.
What is marasmus disease?
Marasmus is a type of protein-energy malnutrition that can affect anyone but is mainly seen in children. You can get marasmus if you have a severe deficiency of nutrients like calories, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. It is more common in developing countries, like in some areas of Asia and Africa.
What is kwashiorkor and marasmus?
How is protein malnutrition treated?
Milk-based formulas are the treatment of choice. At the beginning of dietary treatment, patients should be fed ad libitum. After 1 week, intake rates should approach 175 kcal/kg and 4 g/kg of protein for children and 60 kcal/kg and 2 g/kg of protein for adults. A daily multivitamin should also be added.
How is malnutrition prevented and treated?
The best way to prevent malnutrition is to eat a healthy, balanced diet….Preventing malnutrition
- plenty of fruit and vegetables.
- plenty of starchy foods such as bread, rice, potatoes, pasta.
- some milk and dairy foods or non-dairy alternatives.
- some sources of protein, such as meat, fish, eggs and beans.
How is marasmus different from kwashiorkor?
Marasmus occurrence increases prior to age 1, whereas kwashiorkor occurrence increases after 18 months. It can be distinguished from kwashiorkor in that kwashiorkor is protein deficiency with adequate energy intake whereas marasmus is inadequate energy intake in all forms, including protein.
What should I do if I have marasmus?
The first and primary treatment prescribed for the patient suffering from marasmus includes: Multivitamin supplements to improve appetite and nutrition deficiency. Dehydration symptoms can be prevented by the intake of water and other fluids that contain electrolytes.
What kind of milk do you use for Marasmus?
Initial treatment of marasmus often includes dried skim milk powder mixed with boiled water. Later, the mixture can also include a vegetable oil such as sesame, casein, and sugar. Casein is milk protein. The oil increases the energy content and density of the mixture.
What’s the goal for the rehabilitation phase of marasmus?
In the rehabilitation phase of treatment, nutritional intake can reach 200 kcal/kg/d. The goal is to reach a continuous catch-up growth in weight and height in order to restore a healthy body weight. Only children who have been weaned from their NG tube can be considered as being in the rehabilitation phase.
How to reduce the risk of maramus infection?
You may be able to lower your risk of maramus by: 1 Eating a nutritious, well-balance diet 2 Discussing symptoms with your health care provider 3 Drinking properly sanitized water 4 Following the recommended treatment course for infections
