What is a definition of the term gene?
(jeen) The basic unit of heredity that occupies a specific location on a chromosome. Each consists of nucleotides arranged in a linear manner. Most genes code for a specific protein or segment of protein leading to a particular characteristic or function.
What is the best definition of a gene?
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins. However, many genes do not code for proteins. In humans, genes vary in size from a few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases.
What is a genotype simple definition?
In a broad sense, the term “genotype” refers to the genetic makeup of an organism; in other words, it describes an organism’s complete set of genes. In a more narrow sense, the term can be used to refer to the alleles, or variant forms of a gene, that are carried by an organism.
Who termed gene?
Danish botanist Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity.
What is the modern definition of a gene?
Therefore, a broad, modern working definition of a gene is any discrete locus of heritable, genomic sequence which affect an organism’s traits by being expressed as a functional product or by regulation of gene expression.
What is difference between gene and DNA?
DNA is the genetic material, which is involved in carrying the hereditary information, replication process, mutations, and also in the equal distribution of DNA during the cell division. Genes are the DNA stretches which encode for specific proteins. Gene is a specific sequence present on a short stretch of DNA.
What is your genotype if you are a girl?
XX
Using the definition of “genotype” that refers to a relevant section of the DNA sequence inherited by an organism, the genotype of female humans is XX, as opposed to male humans’ genotype XY.
What was Wilhelm Johannsen’s concept of genotype?
Johannsen’s concept of genotype, by contrast, was ahistorical: the phenotypic characteristics of a mother and her offspring would arise under the influence of the same hereditary disposition, passed from generation to generation, and immune to the environmental circumstances in which it was expressed.
What did Wilhelm Johannsen measure in his experiments?
In these experiments, Johannsen raised barley and bean plants that had been self-fertilized, and he measured the physical dimensions of the seeds in every generation. He found that he could separate these pure lines into distinct groups based on the characteristics of the seeds that they produced.
Which is the best definition of the word gene?
noun the basic physical unit of heredity; a linear sequence of nucleotides along a segment of DNA that provides the coded instructions for synthesis of RNA, which, when translated into protein, leads to the expression of hereditary character. a male given name, form of Eugene.
What did Wilhelm Johannsen mean by Norm of reaction?
Johannsen felt comfortable equating the genotype with the notion of Reaktionsnorm (norm of reaction) proposed by Richard Woltereck in Germany in 1909, which, for a domain of different possible environments in which an organism could develop, referred to the full range of potential variations in an adult characteristic for that organism.
