What does apolipoprotein C-II do?
The main role of apoC-II secreted by the liver into the plasma is to enhance TG hydrolysis of VLDL and CM for energy delivery or storage. Consequently, the APOC2 gene in the liver responds to metabolic cues by activation of transcription factors and nuclear hormone receptors.
What is the role of apo C-II and C III?
Apoprotein C-II (ApoC-II) functions as a modulator of the hydrolysis of lipoprotein triglycerides by increasing the activity of lipoprotein lipase. Apoprotein C-III (ApoC-III) appears to have an inhibitory effect on ApoC-II-stimulated hydrolysis.
What is Apo CLL?
Apolipoprotein C-II or apolipoprotein C2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is secreted in plasma where it is a component of very low density lipoproteins and chylomicrons.
Does IDL have apoC?
Starkly contrasting, VLDL and IDL that do not have apoE or apoC-III are mostly converted by lipolysis to LDL, and have a lower fractional catabolic rate (FCR) than their counterparts with apoE, as summarized in Figure 3.
What does apoC-III do?
ApoC-III is a key regulator of triglyceride metabolism, and human kinetic studies have shown that impaired catabolism of TRLs, linked to increased levels of plasma apoC-III, is the main determinant of plasma triglyceride levels in the population [8].
Where is Apo C2?
ApoC2. Apolipoprotein C2 (ApoC2) is expressed in the liver and intestine (Wu and Windmueller, 1979) and circulates in the blood on the surface of a variety of lipoproteins including chylomicrons and VLDL.
What is lipase deficiency symptoms?
The main symptoms are abdominal pain, pancreatitis, eruptive xanthomas and hepatosplenomegaly. The most common symptom of familial LPL deficiency is episodic abdominal pain. The severity of abdominal pain can vary, ranging from mild to severe and, in some people, can be incapacitating.
What is the medical name for apoc-2 deficiency?
Clinically and biochemically, apoC-II deficiency closely simulates lipoprotein lipase deficiency, or hyperlipoproteinemia type I (238600), and is therefore referred to as hyperlipoproteinemia type IB. [from OMIM] 28 tests are in the database for this condition.
How is Apo C-2 used to diagnose lipoprotein deficiency?
Diagnosis is based on low or absent enzyme activity in an assay system that excludes other lipolytic enzymes and contains normal plasma or apoprotein C-II, a necessary cofactor of the enzyme; diagnosis is confirmed by demonstration of a defect in the structure of the lipoprotein lipase gene.
What are the effects of familial apolipoprotein C-2 deficiency?
Familial apolipoprotein C-II deficiency is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder in which apo C-II is absent, the clearance of chylomicrons from the blood is greatly impaired, and triglycerides accumulate in plasma. VLDL may also be elevated.
What happens if you have low APOCII level?
ApoCII levels are also seen in people with a rare condition called familial apoprotein CII deficiency. This causes chylomicronemia syndrome, another condition in which the body does not break down fats normally.
