What is a Brenner cyst?

Brenner tumor of the ovary is a solid, abnormal growth (tumor) on the ovary. Most Brenner tumors are not cancerous (benign). About 5% of Brenner tumors are cancerous (malignant) or have a small chance of spreading beyond its original location (borderline). These tumors most often occur in women after menopause.

How rare is a Brenner tumor?

Brenner tumors are an uncommon surface epithelial tumor of the ovary. It was originally known as a transitional cell tumor due to its histological similarity to the urothelium. Brenner tumors account for ~3% of ovarian epithelial neoplasms. They can very rarely occur in other locations, including the testis.

Does a Brenner tumor produce estrogen?

Brenner tumor is a rare ovarian neoplasm that is seen in women of the fifth to sixth decade. Classified as benign, borderline, and malignant, these tumors may be associated with estrogen production, thus altering the estrogen–progesterone ratio.

What type of tumor is struma ovarii?

Struma ovarii is a rare ovarian tumor that was first described in 1899. It is defined by the presence of thyroid tissue comprising more than 50% of the overall mass. It most commonly occurs as part of a teratoma, but may occasionally be encountered with serous or mucinous cystadenomas.

Can struma ovarii cause hyperthyroidism?

Struma ovarii is an ovarian tumor defined by the presence of thyroid tissue comprising >50% of the overall mass. It most commonly occurs as part of a teratoma. Although struma ovarii usually does not secrete thyroid hormones, there are cases in which it produces thyroid hormones, which results in hyperthyroidism.

Is struma ovarii benign or malignant?

The vast majority of strumae ovarii are benign, but malignant disease is found in a small percentage of cases, the most common being papillary thyroid carcinoma. The symptoms of struma ovarii are similar to those of other ovarian tumors and are nonspecific in nature.

Is struma ovarii a dermoid cyst?

Struma ovarii is a rare histological diagnosis, a variant of dermoid in which thyroid tissue constitute >50% of the component,[1] also called as monodermal ovarian teratoma where thyroid tissue predominates.

Is struma ovarii benign?

How are Walthard cell rests related to Brenner tumors?

They typically have elliptical nuclei with a long groove (along the major axis) – so called – “coffee bean” nuclei. It has been suggested that these cell rests are the histogenetic origins of Brenner tumors, due to the histological similarity of the epithelium of Walthard cell rests and Brenner tumors to the urothelium of the lower urinary tract.

What kind of cells are found in Brenner tumors?

Morphologically, the Brenner tumors were composed of nests of transitional cells embedded in a dense fibrous tissue, containing spiculated calcification (41%), central small lumina or cysts with intracystic proteinaceous (97%), and cysts lined by flat attenuated epithelium (78%; Fig. 1 A ).

Where are Walthard cell nests found in the body?

Walthard cell rests; sometimes called Walthard cell nests, are a benign cluster of epithelial cells most commonly found in the connective tissue of the Fallopian tubes, but also seen in the mesovarium, mesosalpinx and ovarian hilus . High magnification micrograph of a cystic Walthard cell rest showing the characteristic coffee bean-shaped nuclei.

Where are Walthard cells found in the fallopian tube?

H&E stain. Walthard cell rests; sometimes called Walthard cell nests, are a benign cluster of epithelial cells most commonly found in the connective tissue of the Fallopian tubes, but also seen in the mesovarium, mesosalpinx and ovarian hilus .