What is the working principle of Pelton turbine?
Working principle of Pelton turbine is simple. When a high speed water jet injected through a nozzle hits buckets of Pelton wheel; it induces an impulsive force. This force makes the turbine rotate. The rotating shaft runs a generator and produces electricity.
What is Pelton turbine?
A Pelton turbine or Pelton wheel is a type of hydro turbine (specifically an impulse turbine) used frequently in hydroelectric plants. Unlike other types of turbines which are reaction turbines, the Pelton turbine is known as an impulse turbine.
Why Pelton turbine is suitable only for high head only?
Pelton turbines are not used at lower heads because their rotational speeds becomes very slow and the runner required is very large and unwieldy. If runner size and low speed do not pose a problem for a particular installation, then a Pelton turbine can be used efficiently with fairly low heads.
What are main components of Pelton turbine?
Pelton Turbine – Parts, Working and Design Aspects
- Nozzle and Flow Regulating Arrangement.
- Runner and Buckets.
- Casing.
- Braking Jet.
What is Jet ratio in Pelton turbine?
It is defined as the ratio of the pitch diameter (D) of the Pelton wheel to the diameter of the jet diameter (d). It is given as. Additional Information. The speed ratio of the Pelton wheel varies between 0.43 to 0.48. The value of the jet ratio is generally taken as 12.
What is the use of Pelton turbine?
Pelton turbines are used for electricity generation in hydraulic power plants. They are suitable for operation when water energy is available at high head and low flow rate. In a Pelton turbine, the energy extracted from the kinetic energy of the water is used for the rotation of the impeller.
How the Pelton wheel works in hydroelectric power plant?
The high speed water jets running the Pelton Wheel Turbine are obtained by expanding the high pressure water through nozzles to the atmospheric pressure. That is obtained when the water stream is deflected in the direction opposite to which it strikes the buckets and with the same speed relative to the buckets.
Why does Pelton have low specific speed?
Compared to other turbine designs, the relatively low specific speed of the Pelton wheel, implies that the geometry is inherently a “low gear” design. Thus it is most suitable to being fed by a hydro source with a low ratio of flow to pressure, (meaning relatively low flow and/or relatively high pressure).
Why Pelton turbine is used for high head and low discharge?
Explanation: Pelton Wheel Turbine: Pelton Wheel Turbine is a tangential flow impulse turbine in which the pressure energy of water is converted into kinetic energy to form a high-speed water jet and this jet strikes the wheel tangentially to make it rotate. Pelton Wheel Turbine is high head low discharge turbine.
Which principle is used in hydraulic turbines?
The principle of a hydraulic turbine is based on Newton’s second law of motion. It states that the force is directly proportional to the change in momentum.
What is Jet ratio in Pelton Turbine?
How does the energy of a Pelton turbine work?
Pelton Turbine is a Tangential flow impulse turbine in which the pressure energy of water is converted into kinetic energy to form high speed water jet and this jet strikes the wheel tangentially to make it rotate.
What is the isoefficiency curve of a Pelton turbine?
Isoefficiency curve for a laboratory-scale Pelton turbine Under ideal conditions the maximum power generated is about 85%, butexperimental data shows that Pelton turbine are somewhat less efficient (approximately 80%) due to windage, mechanical friction, backsplashing, and nonuniform bucket flow.
What is the working principle of the Pelton wheel?
Each casing of the Pelton wheel does not perform every hydraulic function. Brake Nozzle- If some specific nozzle is completely closed by moving some spear in the forward direction that amount from water striking some runner reduces into zero. Just the runner due to inertia goes at revolving for a long time.
Which is tangential flow impulse equals both Pelton wheel?
Some Pelton wheel either Pelton turbine equals both tangential flow impulse turbine. The water strikes this bucket along the tangent from the runner. These energies available at each inlet of the turbine exists only kinetic energy. The pressure each the inlet including an outlet of the turbine is atmospheric.
