What ligament becomes Tectorial membrane?

Arises from the posterior surface of the body of the Axis and, expanding as it ascends, is attached to the basilar groove of the occipital bone, in front of the foramen magnum. Its anterior surface is in relation with the Transverse Ligament of the Atlas and its posterior surface with the dura mater.

What ligament keeps dens in place?

The cruciate ligament of the atlas (also known as the cruciform ligament) is an important ligamentous complex that holds the posterior dens of C2 in articulation at the median atlantoaxial joint.

What are the alar ligaments?

The alar ligaments are strong, rounded cords, which arise one on either side of the upper part of the odontoid process, and, passing obliquely upward and lateralward, are inserted into the rough depressions on the medial sides of the condyles of the occipital bone.

Which ligament continues upward as the Tectorial membrane?

posterior longitudinal ligament
It is a broad, strong band which covers the dens of the axis, and its ligaments, and appears to be a prolongation upward of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column….Tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint.

What does Tectorial mean?

: forming a covering : resembling a roof.

What becomes tectorial membrane?

The tectorial membrane is the thin superior continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament from the body of the axis. It joins the axis body to the clivus on the anterior half of the foramen magnum, and ascends as high as the spheno-occipital synchondrosis and laterally extends to the hypoglossal canal.

What ligaments stabilize dens?

Now we’ll look at the ligaments which hold the odontoid process in place, making it the stable pivot round which rotation of the head occurs. We’ll see the transverse ligament of the atlas, the cruciform ligament (which the transverse ligament is part of), and the alar ligaments.

What is the dens in anatomy?

Description. The odontoid process (also dens or odontoid peg) is a protuberance (process or projection) of the Axis (second cervical vertebra). It exhibits a slight constriction or neck, where it joins the main body of the vertebra.

Where is the Alar?

The major alar cartilage (greater alar cartilage) (lower lateral cartilage) is a thin, flexible plate, situated immediately below the lateral nasal cartilage, and bent upon itself in such a manner as to form the medial wall and lateral wall of the nostril of its own side.

What Innervates posterior longitudinal ligament?

The posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) is richly innervated by nociceptive fibers from the ascending branch of the sinuvertebral nerve ( Figure 3). These nerves also provide sensory innervation of the adjacent outer layers of the annulus fibrosus [34]. …

What is supraspinous ligament?

The supraspinous ligament or supraspinal ligament is a strong fibrous cord that connects together the apices of the spinous processes from the seventh cervical vertebra to 3rd or 4th lumbar vertebrae.

What is the function of the Tectorial membrane?

The tectorial membrane (TM) is an extracellular connective tissue that covers the mechanically-sensitive hair bundles of the sensory receptor cells in the inner ear. It occupies a strategic position, playing a key role in transforming sound to mechanical stimulation.

Where do Alar Ligaments attach to the Atlas?

In most individuals, each alar ligament arises from the lateral margin of the dens, then courses laterally in a near-vertical plane, attaching to both the ipsilateral occipital condyle and the subjacent superior margin of the lateral mass of the atlas (C1). However, in about a third of individuals, these ligaments insert solely onto the occiput.

How is the ligament in the lower tectorial membrane formed?

The ligament was flattened where it arched across the dens. Towards the insertions the ligament twisted into an oblique-horizontal orientation. The lower tectorial membrane had a median portion merging with the dura, and a lateral portion separated from it.

Is the lower tectorial membrane part of the dura?

The lower tectorial membrane had a median portion merging with the dura, and a lateral portion separated from it. Between the dens and clivus this membrane either merged totally with dura or was partly separated from it by a thin layer of fat.

Are there accessory ligaments in the median atlantoaxial joint?

In addition to the main ligaments, there are several accessory ligaments of the median atlantoaxial joint that connect the axis (C2) with the occipital bone. Tectorial membrane of cervical vertebral column: represents the superior continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament.