What is cerebrovascular disease in diabetes?

Diabetic cerebrovascular diseases are defined as cerebral vascular diseases induced by diabetes with sugar, fat and a series of nutrient substance metabolic disorders, resulting in intracranial large and small vessel diseases. About 20%-40% patients with type 2 diabetes suffer from cerebral blood vessel diseases.

How does diabetes mellitus cause cerebral vascular accident?

This is because having too much sugar in your blood damages the blood vessels. It can make the blood vessels become stiff, and can also cause a build-up of fatty deposits. These changes can lead to a blood clot, which can travel to the brain and cause a stroke.

What is the pathology of cerebrovascular disease?

Cerebrovascular disease includes stroke, carotid stenosis, vertebral stenosis and intracranial stenosis, aneurysms, and vascular malformations. Restrictions in blood flow may occur from vessel narrowing (stenosis), clot formation (thrombosis), blockage (embolism) or blood vessel rupture (hemorrhage).

How does diabetes affect vascular disease?

Diabetes causes vascular disease if there is too much glucose in the blood. This excess glucose damages the blood vessels. Doctors do not know why Type 1 diabetes occurs, though they believe there is a hereditary link.

Is cerebrovascular disease a complication of diabetes?

Cerebrovascular Structure. In the clinical studies above, stroke is considered a macrovascular complication of diabetes due to accelerated atherosclerosis and carotid artery disease.

How does cerebrovascular disease affect the body?

Cerebrovascular disease refers to a group of conditions, diseases, and disorders that affect the blood vessels and blood supply to the brain. If a blockage, malformation, or hemorrhage prevents the brain cells from getting enough oxygen, brain damage can result.

What type of stroke is lacunar infarct?

Lacunar stroke is a type of ischemic stroke that occurs when blood flow to one of the small arteries deep within the brain becomes blocked. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) , lacunar strokes represent about one-fifth of all strokes.

What are the three primary categories of cerebrovascular disease?

There are three main types of stroke: transient ischemic attack, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke. It’s estimated that 87 percent of strokes are ischemic.

What is the major cause of cerebrovascular accidents?

There are two main causes of stroke: a blocked artery (ischemic stroke) or leaking or bursting of a blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). Some people may have only a temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain, known as a transient ischemic attack (TIA), that doesn’t cause lasting symptoms.

What causes diabetic vascular disease?

Diabetic vascular disease refers to the hardening of the arteries throughout the body, caused by diabetes mellitus—a condition in which too much sugar, or glucose, builds in the blood because of a lack of insulin or because the body is unable to effectively use insulin.

What is the relationship between diabetes and poor blood circulation?

The link between diabetes and poor circulation Diabetes puts you at high risk for conditions that affect your circulatory system, including: High blood glucose levels cause fatty deposits to form inside blood vessels. Over time, these deposits make your blood vessels narrow and hard, lessening blood flow.

How does diabetes affect the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease?

Evidence suggests that although hyperglycemia, the hallmark of diabetes, contributes to myocardial damage after ischemic events, it is clearly not the only factor, because both pre-diabetes and the presence of the metabolic syndrome, even in normoglycemic patients, increase the risk of most types of CVD.

Is the brain a site of microvascular complications of diabetes?

The brain is a site of both macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes. Microvessel structural and functional changes due to acute and chronic hyperglycemia lead to increased incidence and worsened outcomes from stroke in diabetic patients.

What are the mechanisms of CVD in diabetes?

The mechanisms of the pathogenesis of CVD in diabetes are related to epigenetic, genetic, and cell-signaling defects in inter-related metabolic and inflammatory pathways.

Which is a major threat to macrovasculature in diabetes?

Whereas atherosclerosis is the major threat to the macrovasculature, a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms contribute to microvascular disease in diabetes. The microcirculation is regulated by central and local regulatory mechanisms.