How do malaria parasites become resistant to drugs?
Resistance of malaria parasites arises from several factors, including overuse of antimalarial drugs for prophylaxis, inadequate or incomplete therapeutic treatments of active infections, a high level of parasite adaptability at the genetic and metabolic levels, and a massive proliferation rate that permits selected …
What is drug resistance in malaria?
Antimalarial drug resistance is the ability of a parasite strain to survive and/or to multiply despite the administration and absorption of medicine given in doses equal to or higher than those usually recommended.
Why is drug resistance a problem for malaria?
Antimalarial resistance in malaria parasites spreads because it confers a survival advantage in the presence of the antimalarial and therefore results in a greater probability of transmission for resistant than for sensitive parasites.
What is parasite drug resistance?
Antiparasitic resistance is the genetic ability of parasites to survive treatment with an antiparasitic drug that was generally effective against those parasites in the past.
How did malaria become resistant to chloroquine?
Resistance to chloroquine of malaria strains is known to be associated with a parasite protein named PfCRT, the mutated form of which is able to reduce chloroquine accumulation in the digestive vacuole of the pathogen.
What type of mutation is malaria resistance?
The sickle-cell allele is widely known as a variant that causes red blood cells to be deformed into a sickle shape when deoxygenated in AS heterozygotes, in which A indicates the non-mutant form of the β-globin gene, and also provides resistance to malaria in AS heterozygotes.
Why is malaria resistant to chloroquine?
How is falciparum malaria treated?
The following is a summary of general recommendations for the treatment of malaria: P falciparum malaria – Quinine-based therapy is with quinine (or quinidine) sulfate plus doxycycline or clindamycin or pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine; alternative therapies are artemether-lumefantrine, atovaquone-proguanil, or mefloquine.
Which of the following parasite is known to develop resistance to antimalarial drugs?
malariae or P. ovale has developed resistance to any antimalarial drugs. P.
What is parasitic resistance effect?
Resistive effects in solar cells reduce the efficiency of the solar cell by dissipating power in the resistances. The most common parasitic resistances are series resistance and shunt resistance.
How does drug resistance occur in an individual?
Several important factors can accelerate the evolution of drug resistance. These include the overuse and misuse of antimicrobials, inappropriate use of antimicrobials, subtherapeutic dosing, and patient noncompliance with the recommended course of treatment.
What Genotype protects against malaria?
Sickle cell trait (genotype HbAS) confers a high degree of resistance to severe and complicated malaria [1–4] yet the precise mechanism remains unknown.
