What is phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors?

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm associated with tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO), a paraneoplastic syndrome that manifests as renal phosphate wasting caused by elevated serum FGF23. Besides osteomalacia, the clinical presentation includes bone pain and multiple bone fractures.

Is phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor cancer?

Meanwhile, over 90% of mesenchymal tumor-induced osteomalacia cases are attributed to PMT/MCTs. PMT/MCT is histologically benign neoplasms of soft tissue and bone. When it appears in subcutaneous tissue with a nonhealing wound, it often leads to delayed diagnosis, failed diagnosis, or misdiagnosis.

What is phosphaturic?

phos·pha·tu·ri·a (fos’fat-yū’rē-ă), Excessive excretion of phosphates in the urine.

What are mesenchymal tumors?

Mesenchymal tumors include entities originating from mesodermal-derived precursor cells that develop into bone, cartilage, or other connective tissues, such as blood vessels, adipose tissue, smooth muscle, or fibroblasts; in the CNS they most commonly arise from the meninges rather than the CNS parenchyma.

In what way does the parathyroid hormone assist in phosphate homeostasis?

Facilitates mobilization of calcium and phosphate from bone. To prevent detrimental increases in phosphate, parathyroid hormone also has a potent effect on the kidney to eliminate phosphate (phosphaturic effect). Maximizes tubular reabsorption of calcium within the kidney.

What is PMT cancer?

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is a very rare neoplasm of bone and soft tissue that is the most common cause of tumor induced osteomalacia (TIO), a paraneoplastic syndrome caused by tumor cell secretion of hormones that impair renal phosphate reuptake [1,2].

What is tumor induced osteomalacia?

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare and fascinating paraneoplastic syndrome in which patients present with bone pain, fractures, and muscle weakness. The cause is high blood levels of the recently identified phosphate and vitamin D-regulating hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23).

What does Hypophosphatemia mean?

Hypophosphatemia is a condition in which your blood has a low level of phosphorous. Low levels can cause a host of health challenges, including muscle weakness, respiratory or heart failure, seizures, or comas. The cause of hypophosphatemia is always from some other underlying issue.

What are mesenchymal lesions?

Mesenchymal tissue neoplasms are soft tissue tumors, also known as connective tissue tumors, which are relatively frequent in domestic animals and have a high incidence in some species. These tumors may be located in all organs, with a higher or lower incidence in some tissues, as it will be shown.